Association of adiponectin and metabolic syndrome in adolescents: the caspian- III study

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the associations between metabolic syndrome (Mets) and adiponectin concentrations in Iranian adolescents. METHODS This study was conducted as a sub-study of a national school- based surveillance program in 10-18 year- old students from 27 provinces in Iran. Plasma adiponectin was measured in 180 randomly selected participants. Metabolic syndrome (Mets) was defined based on the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP- III) criteria modified for the pediatric age group. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between adiponectin and cardiometabolic risk factors. RESULTS The median of adiponectin concentrations was significantly lower among participants with Mets [2.95 μg/ml (interquartile range 2.72-3.30)] compared with subjects without Mets [4.55 μg/ml (interquartile range 3.02-5.75)]. Adiponectin showed significant negative association with higher number of Mets components (P- trend < 0.05). Significant correlations were observed between adiponectin concentrations and metabolic parameters, except blood pressure. Significant inverse association existed between adiponectin levels and presence of Mets (OR, 0.21; 95%CI: 0.10-0.45; p < 0.001). In multivariate models, this association remained significant after adjustment for other risk factors (OR, 0.18; 95%CI: 0.07-0.47; p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS Adiponectinhas inverse association with cardiometabolic parameters in Iranian adolescents, and it is a determinant of Mets independent of other risk factors. These findings can be used in comparison with other ethnic groups. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to assess the clinical impact of such inverse association.